Anatoli Ilyich Gekker (Russian: Анатолий Ильич Геккер) (August 25, 1888 – July 1, 1937) was a Soviet military commander involved in the Russian Civil War.
Gekker was born into a family of a military doctor in Tiflis (Tbilisi), Georgia, then part of Imperial Russia. Having graduated from Vladimir Military School in St Petersburg (1909), he briefly attended the General Staff Academy in 1917. During the World War I, he joined the Bolsheviks and the Red Army in 1917. He held commanding posts on various fronts of the Russian Civil War. From March to August 1920, he served as a Chief of Staff of Interior Forces of the Russian SFSR. From September 1920 to May 1921, he commanded the 11th Soviet Red Army which established Bolshevik rule in Azerbaijan, Armenia and Georgia. As early as 1922, he has been military adviser to the Bolshevik government in Mongolia, and in 1924 he was made political commissar on the Chinese Eastern Railway, then a Soviet military attaché to China. He was made a Soviet military attaché to Turkey in 1929. In 1933, he was transferred to the General Staff of the Red Army and promoted to Comcor in 1935.
He was executed during the Great Purge in 1937 and rehabilitated in 1956.